Chalukya, Pallava, Pandyas All Notes
Chalukya, Pallava, Pandyas
▪ 600 AD: 3 Main Kingdoms in South: Chalukya (Badami); Pallava (Kanchi); Pandyas (Madurai)▪ Primary Language : Sanskrit
▪ Rise of agrarian economy + No megaliths + Decline in trade
▪ Numerous grants were made to Brahamanas
▪ Marked by beginning of construction of stone temple of Vishnu & Shiva
▪ Jainism was confined to Maharashtra
Chalukyas of Badami
▪ Northern Maharashtra → Vakatas (Brahamanas) Succeded Satavahanas
▪ Vakatas were Succeeded by Chalukyas of Badami (Vatapi)
▪ Chalukyas of Badami claimed their descendent from Moon/Manu/Brahma
▪ Capital → Badami (Vatapi) at Bijapur (Karnataka)
▪ Defeated Harshas Army advancing in Deccan on banks of Narmada
▪ Developed Deccan/ Vesara style Temples
▪ Developed Papanatha & Virupaksha Pattadakal (City of famous 10 temples)
Pallavas
▪ Eastern Peninsula → Ikshvakus (Suryavansh) Succeeded Satavahans
▪ Ikshvakus were succeeded by Pallavas
▪ Pallavas were called “ Creeper/ Tondai / Robbers)
▪ Capital → Kanchipuram
▪ Conflict with kadambas (Founded by Mayurasharman : Capital → Vaijayanti)
▪ Defeated Pulakeshin 2
▪ Occupied Vatapi & entitled Vatapikonda
▪ Founded Port city of Mahabalipuram (Now Mamallapuram)
Pallavas Dravidian Style Temples. | ||
---|---|---|
7 Ratha temple | Mahabalipuram | Rock cut |
Shore Temple | Mahabalipuram | Free standing |
Vaikuntha Perumal | Mahabalipuram | Free standing |
Kailashnath Temple | Kanchipuram | Free standing |
Conflict with Kalbhras
▪ Pallavas, Chalukyas & Kadambas → All 3 were brahamans
▪ Followed brahamanism with vedic sacrifices
▪ Made numerous land grants to Brahamanas Kalbhras Patronised Buddhism & Buddhist monasteries
Land grants to brahamanas led to revolt of Kalbhras mainly to put an end to Brahamadeya right to Brahamanas
Rural Structure
Generally 3 types of villages, namely Ur, Sabha & Nagaram
Ur
→ Inhabited by peasants who held their land in common & village headman collected tax & paid on everyone’s behalf
Sabha
→ Brahamdeya or land granted to Brahamanas (Agrahara villages)
Nagaram
→ Inhabited by merchants & traders
In Chalukya kingdom rural affairs were managed by village elders known as “Mahajana”